Patient recruitment and data collection has been discussed in detail in Part I of this paper and in a published manuscript from this cohort.20 Data Collection.— The electronic survey collected detailed information on sociodemographics variables and current psychiatric symptoms, and childhood
maltreatment (see Part I). Information was also collected regarding allodynia and headache-related disability. The treating physician determined the primary headache diagnoses based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD)-2 criteria,7 the average monthly headache frequency over the prior 3 months, whether the headaches had transformed from episodic to chronic, and whether daily headaches were continuous. Childhood Abuse EPZ-6438 solubility dmso and Neglect.— In this study, Fulvestrant mouse maltreatment exposure occurring in childhood was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ).21 This questionnaire is a 28-item self-reported quantitative measure that provides brief, reliable, and valid screening for history of childhood abuse and neglect. It measures 5 categories
of childhood maltreatment that include physical, sexual, and emotional abuse, and physical, and emotional neglect. Details on the CTQ measure, maltreatment prevalence, correlation between the different categories of abuse and neglect, and the relationship with depression and anxiety in this study population are discussed in Part I. Allodynia.— Information on migraine-associated allodynia was collected using the following question in the survey: “Do you experience pain or unpleasant sensation on your skin during a migraine attack with any of the following?” The list included “combing your hair,”“shaving,”“showering,”“exposure to heat cold or heat,”“resting head
on pillow,” and “wearing earrings or a necklace.” Our questions were based on those used in published research on the topic22 but our survey tool was designed prior to the MCE publication of a validated tool encompassing severity.23 Headache-Related Disability.— The Headache Impact Test (HIT-6),24 a 6-item scale that correlates well with headache severity has been determined to be reliable and valid in evaluating the impact of headache on health-related quality of life in patients seeking primary and headache subspecialty care. HIT-6 score ≥60 was considered as severe headache-related disability. Depression.— The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) is a self-reported diagnostic and severity measure for current depression (in the prior 2 weeks) using criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) IV.25 Anxiety.— The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was used to assess the severity of patient anxiety.26 The questionnaire consists of both physiological and cognitive components of anxiety addressed in the 21 items describing subjective, somatic, or panic-related symptoms.