Further, the amount of relapse in both

types of surgeries was compared and analyzed using unpaired selleck product t-test. P value of 0.05 or less was considered for statistical significance. The results are shown as follows in (Graphs ​(Graphs11-​-44 and Tables ​Tables33-​-77). Graph 2 Soft tissue angular (mandibular advancement). Table 3 Hard tissue angular. Table 7 Comparison between mandibular advancement and mandibular setback. Graph 1 Hard tissue angular (mandibular advancement). Graph 3 Hard tissue angular (mandibular setback). Graph 4 Soft tissue angular (mandibular setback). Table 4 Hard tissue linear. Table 5 Soft tissue angular. Table 6 Soft tissue linear. Discussion Patients undergo orthognathic surgical procedures to improve esthetics and functional problems. The interdigitation of the dentition in all three planes determines the positioning of the jaws at surgery

and helps in attaining stable results. According to the hierarchy of stability, the most stable surgical procedure was superior repositioning of the maxilla, closely followed by mandibular advancement in patients with decreased or normal anterior facial height. Forward movement of the maxilla was reasonably stable, but mandibular setback often was unstable and transverse widening of the maxilla was the least stable procedure. In mandibular advancement as expected, the ANB angle showed a significant decrease immediately following surgery and was found to be stable in the long term.9,10 The mean sagittal relapse at hard tissue Pogonion was 10% of the sagittal correction which was not significant. Vertically, in the short term, the lower anterior facial height increased as evident by an increase in linear measurement given by the parameter ANS-Gn. This was found to be stable as there was no significant

change in the variable in the long-term.7,8 In mandibular setback, there was increase in the ANB angle following surgery, but in a long run it showed significant relapse, which is similar to a study reported Cilengitide by Mobarak et al. This could be because of several factors that have been cited as responsible for relapse following mandibular setback surgery, including altered activity and failure of masticatory muscles to adapt to the repositioned segment, altered condylar position secondary to rotation or distraction of the proximal segment during fixation, positional change of the tongue with reduced space after setback. The mean sagittal relapse at hard tissue Pogonion was 25% of the sagittal correction. Lower anterior facial height remained the same from pre-surgical to immediate post-surgical and long term post-surgical, indicating a pure setback of the mandible without any rotation. This was similar to the findings obtained by Robinson et al.