It was slowly injected through the catheter until GFV and their feeding vessels (posterior gastric vein, short gastric vein, or left gastric vein) were visualized. Transvenous administration of 4000 U human haptoglobin (Haptoglobin; Mitsubishi Pharma, Osaka, Japan) was performed to prevent renal failure and hemolysis due to the injection of 5% EOI18. The balloon was left inflated overnight. The next day venography was used to confirm the blood flow interruption in the shunt

and embolization of the gastric varix. Then the balloon was deflated, and the balloon catheter was removed. If embolization was insufficient, additional administration of EOI was performed. Four weeks after the treatment, abdominal contrast-enhanced CT was performed and total obliteration of GFV and SRS was confirmed (Fig. 1). selleck kinase inhibitor Endoscopic examinations were performed in all patients every 6 months after the study began. If esophageal varices worsened and became risky, prophylactic endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) was performed. Abdominal CT was performed every 12 months, and it was confirmed that HCC did not occur in

a 36-month period. The end-point of this study was death of the patient or, in the SRS (+) group, performance of Quizartinib mw B-RTO or endoscopic injection therapy with cyanoacrylate for aggravated GFV in a period of ≥ 36 months. Both of the treatments affect SRS and the study was completed in 5 years from the beginning in each patient. The data in the tables are shown as mean ± standard deviation, and the data in the figures are shown as mean ± standard error of the mean. anova was used for patient background including age, sex, underlying disease, Child–Pugh classification, and Child–Pugh score. Analysis was performed using a t-test for the variceal form and SRS diameter. Analysis

was performed using the Tukey–Kramer test for the comparison of total bilirubin levels, albumin levels, prothrombin times, and Child–Pugh scores among the three groups. For comparison of variables within a group, a paired t-test was used for analysis. Analysis was performed using the Kaplan–Meier method for cumulative survival rates. The differences MTMR9 among groups were compared using a log–rank test. anova was used to analyze deaths and aggravation of varices during the follow-up period. A P-value of ≤ 0.05 was established as significant. Statistical analysis was performed using spss 10.0J (spss, Chicago, IL, USA). Table 1 shows the ages, sexes, causes of liver cirrhosis, Child–Pugh classifications, and Child–Pugh scores of the SRS (−), SRS (+) and B-RTO groups. The table also shows the endoscopic variceal forms and SRS diameters of the SRS (+) and B-RTO groups. There were no significant differences in any parameters among the groups.