This oligomer (OMPA) showed a good solubility in common organic solvents. The results of osmometry and gel permeation chromatography analyzes indicated that the average chain length for OMPA was about 5 units. Its

chemical structure was elucidated by H-1 and C-13 NMR, FTIR check details and UV spectroscopy. A thermal study carried out by thermogravimetric analysis and Differential Scanning Calorimetry showed that the oligomer was stable up to 268 degrees C. In addition, the photoluminescent properties of OMPA were investigated. In solution, an emission was recorded in the indigo-blue region, however, in solid state this emission was shifted to the orange red zone. Finally a mechanism for the electro-oligomerization was evoked in the light of the electronic structures of the

MPA and its radical cation obtained by DFT calculation. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common sustained arrhythmia associated with substantial cardiovascular morbidity and mortality with stroke being the most critical complication. Most frequently, AF learn more occurs in conjunction with other cardiovascular disease, such as hypertension, ischemic heart disease, valve disease or cardiac failure. Role of atrial remodeling has emerged as the new pathophysiological mechanism of atrial fibrillation. Experimental and clinical studies point at two major mechanisms involved in the intrinsically progressive nature of AF. The first consists of a change in the electrical properties of the atrium, notably a shortening of the AERP and a loss of rate adaptation, and hence was named electrical remodeling. Furthermore, based on data from is experimental models, it has been considered that AF is also associated with elaborate adaptive and maladaptive changes in tissue and cellular architecture. By

parallel, this type of change was denominated structural remodeling. Together, these mechanisms will increase the probability of generating multiple atrial wavelets by enabling rapid atrial activation and dispersion of refractoriness. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Strategies Fludarabine supplier for Epicardial Mapping and Ablation of VT.\n\nCatheter ablation for ventricular tachycardia (VT) is becoming an essential component of the successful management of patients with structural heart disease and refractory ventricular arrhythmias. Despite detailed mapping and ablation from the endocardium, nearly a third of VT circuits remain inaccessible. Pericardial access has improved our ability to address these resistant VTs. Adhesions after cardiac surgery can impede access, necessitating a direct surgical approach to the pericardial space. Potential risks include risk of injury to an epicardial coronary artery, the phrenic nerve, subdiaphragmatic vessels, and right ventricle. We describe the indications for and approach to catheter ablation of VT for the pericardial space.\n\n(J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 20, pp. 710-713, June 2009).