15, 16, 29 and 30 However, there have been no reports of studies correlating alterations in breathing and learning Akt inhibitor difficulties of individuals with delayed speech development. The auditory aspect should be considered in this circumstance, as it can interfere with the perception of sounds of language, making the acquisition and/or correction of speech and writing difficult. In the first years of school, the pronunciation of words directly influences the learning of reading and writing, to the point of affecting
their acquisition and development. The mouth breather is vulnerable to ear infections from both palatine tonsils and/or pharyngeal hyperplasias, as well as swelling of the nasal mucosa in allergic cases, which may lead to malfunction of the Eustachian tube and fluctuating hearing loss.31 This can interfere with the capacity to identify speech sounds during development, causing delays and alterations. The structural and functional consequences of mouth breathing are know to often be spontaneously irreversible, thus its early detection is crucial for the implementation of a multidisciplinary approach towards treatment. The present findings suggest that monitoring
the development of mouth breathers is essential, aiming at improving quality of life and minimizing the negative effects of mouth breathing. Among the various professionals, the speech therapist can greatly contribute find more to the quality of life of these pheromone patients by working on the development of language and speech, stomatognathic functions, and assisting in the development of reading and writing. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. “
“Levels of physical fitness among young individuals have declined in recent years, contributing to the development of diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and increased risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases in adulthood.1 Approximately 80% of adolescents in the world do not obtain the recommended 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity per day,2 which,
combined with the significant socioeconomic changes in recent years, has resulted in the increase of overweight and obesity.3 The low levels of physical fitness and physical activity4 are associated with overweight,5 the growing prevalence of obesity, and the proportion of children with sedentary lifestyle, suggesting that levels of cardiorespiratory fitness may have decreased by random distribution among schoolchildren of different body composition.6 Cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max), measured in absolute values (L.min−1) and relative to total body mass (mL.kg−1.min−1), has been used in order to make a real comparison of physical fitness among students with different heights.1 and 5 Relative values are more often used for comparisons between individuals who differ in total body mass and lean mass, as the musculature involved in physical activity influences these variables.