Conventional and tissue Doppler echocardiography

Two groups were echocardiographically examined in the left-lateral position by using a iE33 machine (Philips, Amsterdam, the Netherlands). According to the biplane Simpson’s rule, LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) and LV end-systolic volume (LVESV) in mL and EF% were defined.13) Inter ventricular septum (IVS) thickness was measured (in mm) during systole. LV wall thickness was also measured (in mm). Left ventricular mass and its Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical indexed value was assessed by the method proposed by Devereux et al.10) Left atrial (LA) volume in systole was also measured just before the mitral valve opening, using the biplane Simpson’s method, as a mean between the values recorded in apical four- and two-chamber approaches. Subsequently, LAV was indexed for BSA, such as LAVI in mL/m2.14) Finally, MPI was evaluated by using TDE method. Pulsed-wave TDE was performed by activating the

Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical tissue Doppler function. Sample volume was placed at the lateral annular mitral site in apical four chamber view, in order to record the following cardiac time intervals: iso-volumetric contraction time (IVCT) in ms; iso-volumetric relaxation time (IVRT) in ms; and ejection Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical time (ET) in ms. Images were acquired with a variable frequency phased-array transducer. The filter settings were kept low, and gains were adjusted to the minimal optimal level to minimize noise and eliminate the signals produced by the transmitral flow. Three consecutive beats were measured and averaged for each parameter at a sweep speed of 100 mm/s. MPI was defined as the sum of IVCT and IVRT divided by ET.15) LAVI; MPI; IVCT; IVRT; and ET were defined in controls (group I) too, as reference values (Table 3). Table Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical 3 LAVI, time intervals and MPI-TDE values in two groups Statistical analysis Echocardiographic data are presented as a mean values ± SD. Statistical analyses

were performed with SPSS statistical software (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). www.selleckchem.com/products/co-1686.html Differences Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical between two groups were examined by an unpaired t test. A p value < 0.05 was considered significant. Finally, LAVI was compared to MPI, IVCT, IVRT and ET between controls (group I) and hypertensive patients (group II) by unpaired t-test. Results Mean values of LVEDV and LVESV were 95 ± 18 mL and 39 ± 17 mL respectively in controls (group I). These resulted 125 ± 15 mL (LVEDV), and 48 ± 11 mL (LVESV) in hypertensive about patients (group II). Differences were significant (p < 0.05). IVS thickness was = 10 ± 0.4 mm in controls, it resulted 135 ± 0.5 mm in hypertensive-patients. Mean value of E/A waves ratio was 1.21 ± 0.38 in normal and 0.85 ± 0.27 in hypertensives (p < 0.01). Mitral deceleration time (DT) resulted = 135 ± 3.4 ms in healthy adults and 245 ± 31 in hypertensive patients (p < 0.01). On the other hand, LV walls’ thickness was 9 ± 0.3 mm in controls (group I) and 17 ± 0.2 mm in hypertensives (group II). Differences were significant (p < 0.