e. O. anthrisci (L. Holm) L. Holm, O. ophioboloides (Sacc.) L. Holm and O. acuminatus). All other Ophiobolus species need to be re-examined and should be placed in other genera such as Nodulosphaeria and Leptospora. The genus is in need of revision and molecular phylogenetic study. Ophiosphaerella Speg., Anal. Mus. nac. Hist. nat. PND-1186 price B. Aires 19: 401–402 (1909). (Phaeosphaeriaceae) Generic description Habitat terrestrial, saprobic or hemibiotrophic. Ascomata small-

to medium-sized, solitary or scattered, immersed, globose or subglobose, papillate, ostiolate. Peridium thin. Hamathecium of dense, filliform, septate pseudoparaphyses. Asci bitunicate, fissitunicate dehiscence not observed, cylindrical often narrower near the base, with a short furcate pedicel. Ascospores filamentous, pale brown, multi-septate. Anamorphs reported for genus: Scolecosporiella (Farr et al. 1989). Literature: von Arx and Müller 1975; Schoch et al. 2006, 2009; Spegazzini 1909; Walker 1980; Wetzel et al. 1999; Zhang et al. 2009a. Type species Ophiosphaerella graminicola Speg., Anal. Mus. nac. Hist. nat. B. Aires 19: 401 (1909). (Fig. 71) Fig. 71 Ophiosphaerella graminicola (from LPS 858, holotype). a Ascomata on the host surface. Note the protruding disk-like papilla. b Section of an ascoma. c Asci in pseudoparaphyses with short pedicels. d–f Cylindrical

asci with short pedicels. Scale bars: a = 0.5 mm, b = 100 μm, c–f =10 μm MK-8931 cell line Ascomata 280–325 μm high × 250–300 μm diam., solitary or scattered, immersed with a short papilla protruding out of the substrate, globose or subglobose, often laterally flattened, dark

brown to black, papillate, papilla ca. 100 μm high, 140–180 μm broad, disk-like in appearance from above, periphysate (Fig. 71a and b). Peridium 11–25 μm wide, thicker near the apex, comprising two cell types of small cells, outer wall composed 6–10 layers of lightly brown flattened cells of textura angularis, inner layer composed of paler and CYTH4 thin-walled cells, both layers thicker near the apex (Fig. 71b). Hamathecium of dense, long pseudoparaphyses 0.8–1.5 μm broad near the apex, septate, 2–3 μm broad between the asci. Asci 105–135 × 5.5–10 μm (\( \barx = 118.5 \times 7\mu m \), n = 10), 8-spored, bitunicate, cylindrical and narrower near the base, with a short, furcate pedicel, up to 30 μm long, small inconspicuous ocular chamber (to 1.5 μm wide × 1 μm high) (Fig. 71c, d, e and f). Ascospores 100–125 × 1.8–2.2 μm (\( \barx = 118 \times 2\mu m \), n = 10), filamentous, pale brown, 12–20 septa, see more smooth-walled. Anamorph: none reported. Material examined: ARGENTINA, Tucumán, on leaf sheath of Leptochloa virgata (L.) P. Beauv., 14 Apr. 1906, C. Spegazzini (LPS 858, holotype). Notes Morphology Ophiosphaerella was introduced by Spegazzini (1909) who described and illustrated a single new species, O.