However, there is a lack of these instruments in Spanish language limiting the comparison of OHRQoL outcomes among countries, cultures and ethnic groups. BKM120 research buy The aim of the present study was to cross-culturally adapt the CPQ(11-14) to the Peruvian Spanish language and assess its reliability and validity.
Material and Methods: To test the translation and cross-cultural adaptation, 60 children aged 11-to-14-years answered the CPQ(11-14) in two pilot tests. After that, the questionnaire was tested on 200 children of the same age, who were clinically examined for dental
caries. The internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient while repeat administration of the CPQ(11-14) on the same 200 children facilitated
the test-retest reliability via intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Construct and discriminant validity were based on associations of the CPQ(11-14) with global ratings of oral health and clinical groups respectively.
Results: The mean (standard deviation) CPQ(11-14) score was 20.18(13.07). Internal consistency was confirmed by a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.81. Test-retest reliability revealed excellent reproducibility 3-Methyladenine nmr (ICC=0.92). Construct validity was confirmed demonstrating statistically significant associations between total CPQ(11-14) score and global ratings of oral health (p=0.035) and overall well-being (p<0.001). The measure was also able to discriminate between children with dental caries experience and those without (mean scores: 26.32 and 12.96 selleck respectively; p<0.001).
Conclusions: The Spanish CPQ(11-14) has satisfactory psychometric properties and is applicable to children in Peru.”
“We studied villagers with and without diabetes from arsenic-endemic areas and a nearby control site in Xinjiang Autonomous Region, PR China.
Water and urinary arsenic were assayed for exposure measurement. Urinary NAG (N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase), a kidney function test, blood glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, high density lipid and low density lipid were measured. Villagers from endemic areas were found to have higher urinary arsenic concentrations. The NAG results also suggest that chronic arsenic exposure presents a significant adverse impact on the kidney function of villagers in the endemic areas. However. blood glucose levels of diabetes individuals were lower than those from the control site. These observations were validated in rats which were chronically exposed to arsenic in drinking water. The distinct relationship between chronic arsenic exposure and diabetes mellitus requires further investigation. A rodent model is a useful tool for study of this type. Crown Copyright (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Stroke, the number four cause of death in the USA, is a greatly debilitating event resulting from insufficient blood supply to the brain (cerebral ischemia).