Rest periods between exercises lasted no longer than 3 minutes and rest between sets lasted no longer than 2 minutes. Training was conducted at the Mayborn selleck chemicals llc Campus Center
(MCC) at the University of Mary Hardin-Baylor under the supervision of trained research assistants, documented in training logs, and signed off to find more verify compliance and monitor progress. This training program has been shown to be a sufficient stimulus at inducing positive change in body composition and strength [22]. Statistical Analysis Separate 2×3 (treatment × time) repeated measure ANOVAs were used to assess all data. In circumstances where sphericity within groups could not be assumed due to large within group variances, the Hunyhs-Feldt epsilon
correction factor was used to adjust within group F-ratios. For all significant group × time interactions and main effects, additional pair-wise comparisons were used to assess which time points yielded statistical significance between and within groups. Significance for all statistical analyses was determined using an alpha level of 0.05, and all data are presented as means ± standard deviations. All statistical Lenvatinib molecular weight procedures were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 16.0. Results Medical Monitoring, Dietary Analysis, and Training Volume No subjects experienced any major clinical side effects related or unrelated to the study. However, several participants experienced gastrointestinal discomfort and/or mild stomach aches. not All subjects completed the training protocol without any complications. Table 2 outlines all nutritional analyses data. No significant differences between groups (p > 0.05) were detected for total daily caloric intake, individual macronutrient intake, or training volume. Table 2 Nutritional intake changes from baseline (T1) through week 8 (T3) Variable
Group Baseline (T1) Week 4 (T2) Week 8 (T3) Between Group Total Calories FEN 2213 ± 926 2350 ± 799 2228 ± 986 G = 0.375 PLA 2416 ± 916 2428 ± 850 3033 ± 1071 T = 0.323 G × T = 0.214 Carbohydrate (grams) FEN 266 ± 163 280 ± 111 262 ± 142 G = 0.937 PLA 246 ± 110 245 ± 105 329 ± 176 T = 0.448 G × T = 0.268 Fat (grams) FEN 78 ± 40 82 ± 44 84 ± 55 G = 0.295 PLA 91 ± 34 96 ± 41 118 ± 38 T = 0.277 G × T = 0.505 Protein (grams) FEN 116 ± 61 125 ± 57 105 ± 60 G = 0.772 PLA 120 ± 50 116 ± 32 133 ± 41 T = 0.964 G × T = 0.134 Abbreviations: FEN = fenugreek supplement group, PLA = placebo group Hematological Variables There were no significant group × time interactions or main effects (p > 0.05) for red blood cell count, white blood cell count, triglycerides, cholesterol variables, liver enzymes or proteins, markers of kidney function or muscle damage.