02.00.275, version 2.0d)]. The essential oil from the seed of H. candolleanum (Wight et Arn) was obtained by

hydro distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Twenty-one compounds were identified representing approximately 98.1% of the oil ( Table 1). Interestingly, there were significant differences between the main components of the essential oil of H. candolleanum. The major volatile components of seed were methyl cinnamate (22.38%), n-hexyl hexanoate (21.74%) and octyl alcohol (11.78%). The oxygenated monoterpenes predominated with 86.67% followed by monoterpenes (9.79%). The essential oil composition ABT 888 of various members of this genus have been reported, and they contain monoterpene hydrocarbons (e.g. p-cymene; γ-terpene; α- and β-pinene; limonene etc.), oxygenated monoterpenes (e.g. iso-bornyl acetate, linalool, n-octanol, terpinene-1-ol-4 etc.), and sesquiterpene (e.g. caryophyllene oxide) in their volatile fractions. Different octyl esters, especially n-octyl acetate, are reported to be the major constitute Ibrutinib molecular weight in most of the oils investigated. In the present study octyl ester of hexanoic acid (8.87%) was found to be more compared to the

octyl acetate (2.57%) along with octanol (11.78%). Methyl cinnamate was reported for the first time as the major component from the essential oil of H. candolleanum. The results revealed that essential oil obtained from the seed of H. candolleanum contains twenty-one compounds in various concentrations. The major component of seed is methyl cinnamate (22.38%). All authors have none to declare. “
“Drug delivery to the colon is beneficial for the oral delivery of proteins and peptide drugs degraded by digestive enzymes of the stomach and small Parvulin intestine and for the delivery of low molecular weight compounds.1 Delivery of drug substances to the colon may improve systemic bioavailability to a level which is not feasible by un-modified oral

drug delivery. This may improve efficacy of drug treatment or open up the possibility to switch to oral instead of parenteral administration.2 Targeted drug delivery into the colon is highly desirable for local treatment of a variety of bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis, cirrhosis disease, amebiasis, colonic cancer and local treatment of colonic pathologies and systemic delivery of protein and peptide drugs. This route may also be useful in the treatment of diseases susceptible to diurnal rhythm such as asthma, arthritis, etc.3 There are several approaches, which is utilized in achieving colon targeting include use of pH-sensitive polymer, time-dependent formulation, bacterial degrading coating material, biodegradable polymer matrix and hydrogels and prodrug.4 Microspheres have played a vital role in the development of controlled and or sustained release drug delivery systems.