Growing evidence suggests that alterations in early serotonin signaling contribute to a number of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders. Thus, understanding how altered serotonin signaling affects neuronal morphology and plasticity, and ultimately animal physiology and pathophysiology, will be of great significance.”
“Despite evidence that high-affinity GABA(A) receptor subunit mRNA and protein are present VEGFR inhibitor in dorsal root ganglia (DRG), low-affinity currents dominate those detected in acutely dissociated
DRG neurons in vitro. This observation raises the possibility that high-affinity receptors are normally trafficked out of the DRG toward central and peripheral terminals. We therefore hypothesized that with time in culture, there would be an increase in high-affinity GABA(A) currents in DRG neurons. To test this hypothesis, we studied dissociated DRG neurons 2 check details h (acute) and 24 h (cultured) after plating with whole-cell patch-clamp techniques, Western blot, and semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (sqRT-PCR) analysis. GABAA
current density increases dramatically with time in culture in association with the emergence of two persistent currents with EC50′s of 0.25 +/- 0.01 mu M and 3.2 +/- 0.02 mu M for GABA activation. In a subpopulation of neurons, there was also an increase in the potency of GABA activation of the transient current from an EC50 of 78.16 +/- 10.1 mu M to 9.56 +/- 1.3 mu M with time in culture. A
fraction of the high-affinity current was potentiated by delta-subunit agonist 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisozazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-3-ol (THIP). delta-subunit immunoreactivity was largely restricted to the cytosolic fraction Megestrol Acetate in acute, but the membrane fraction in cultured, DRG neurons, with no detectable change in delta-subunit mRNA. However, the emergence of a high-affinity current blocked by THIP and insensitive to bicuculline was detected in a subpopulation of cultured neurons as well in association with an increase in rho(2)- and rho(3)-subunit mRNA in cultured DRG neurons. Our results suggest that high-affinity delta-subunit-containing GABA(A) receptors are normally trafficked out of the DRG where they are targeted to peripheral and central processes. They also highlight that the interpretation of data obtained from cultured DRG neurons should be made with caution. (C) 2012 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“We studied modulation of the P300 by monetary reward expected to be received on a sustained attention task in 18 individuals with current cocaine use disorders (CUD) and 18 control subjects. Results in the controls revealed sensitivity to money as measured with P300 amplitude and speed of behavioral response and their intercorrelations.