References 1. Gerber JS, Coffin SE, Smathers SA, Zaoutis TE. Trends in the incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in children’s hospitals in the United States. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;49:65–71.PubMedCrossRef 2. Hidayat LK, Hsu DI, Quist R, Shriner KA, Wong-Beringer A. High dose vancomycin therapy for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections: efficacy and toxicity. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166:2138–44.PubMedCrossRef 3. Ryback M, Lomaestro B, Rotschafer JC, et al. Therapeutic monitoring
of vancomycin in adult patients: a consensus review of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, the Infectious Diseases Society of American, and the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists.
Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2009;66:82–98.CrossRef 4. click here Geraci JE, Heilman FR, Nichols DR, Wellman WE. Antibiotic therapy of bacterial endocarditis. VII. Vancomycin for acute micrococcal endocarditis: preliminary report. Proc Staff Meet Mayo Clin. 1958;33:172–81.PubMed 5. Kralovicova K, Spanik S, Halko J. Do vancomycin serum levels predict failures of vancomycin therapy or nephrotoxicity in cancer patients? Dabrafenib cell line J Chemother. 1997;9:420–6.PubMed 6. Zimmermann AE, Katona BG, Plaisance KI. Association of vancomycin serum concentrations with outcomes in patients with gram-positive bacteremia. Pharmacotherapy. 1995;15:85–91.PubMed 7. Elting LS, Rubenstein EB, Kurtin D, et al. Mississippi mud in the 1990s: risks and outcomes of vancomycin-associated toxicity in general oncology practice.
Cancer. 1998;83:2597–607.PubMedCrossRef 8. Hermsen ED, Hanson M, Sankaranarayanan J, Stoner JA, Florescu MC, Rupp ME. Clinical outcomes and nephrotoxicity associated with vancomycin trough concentrations during treatment of deep-seated infections. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2010;9:9–14.PubMedCrossRef 9. Jeffries MN, Isakow W, Doherty JA, Micek ST, Kollef MH. A retrospective analysis of possible renal toxicity associated with vancomycin in patients with health care-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia. why Clin Ther. 2007;29:1107–15.CrossRef 10. Lodise TP, Lomaestro B, Graves J, Drusano GL. Larger vancomycin doses (at least 4 grams per day) are associated with an increased incidence of nephrotoxicity. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008;52:1330–6.PubMedCrossRef 11. Concato J, Feinstein AR, Holford TR. The risk of determining risk with multivariable models. Ann Intern Med. 1993;118:201–10.PubMedCrossRef 12. American Thoracic Society. Infectious Diseases Society of America. Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005;171:388–416.CrossRef 13. Lodise TP, Patel N, Lomaestro BM, Rodvold KA, Drusano GL.