Stavropoulos et al. (9) reported removal of another type of retrievable filter (Recovery filter; Bard, customer reviews Tempe, AZ, USA) using rigid bronchoscopy forceps when the filter tip was tilted and embedded in the IVC wall. The snare-over-guide wire loop technique that was used in the present case was also reported to be useful when the hook of the GTF is refractory to capture using the snare in standard methods (4). However, our case raised the alarm that during filter retrieval by such a modified method, the unexpected could occur, such as migration of the GTF. To our knowledge, only one case of right arterial migration of a GTF was reported previously, although the migration occurred at implantation and not during withdrawal (10).

In conclusion, the experience of the present case shows that care must be taken with regard to the direction of the hook in implanting a GTF. An improperly directed hook might lead to failure in retrieval with standard methods and to complications such as right arterial migration of the GTF during a modified retrieval procedure. However, despite this complication, by directly snaring the hook with the second retrieval set, the GTF was successfully removed in the present case.
Polyarthritis nodosa (PAN), which predominantly involves small-to-medium-sized arteries such as the renal arteries and arteries in the skin, rarely involves the female genital tract (1, 2). Although computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have previously revealed PAN by in the renal and gastrointestinal tract arteries, it has not revealed PAN in the female genital tract.

Reported is a case of an elderly woman with PAN of the uterus confirmed by CT and MRI. Case report A 78-year-old woman with a history of hepatitis B and Sj?gren syndrome was admitted to a local clinic near her house experiencing prolonged fever and leg pain. After being transferred to our hospital, a complete physical examination revealed leg livedo. She did not notice atypical genital bleeding. Laboratory tests showed high levels of C-reactive protein, a high white blood cell count and a high erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The patient’s tumor markers were normal, except for high CA-125. In order to exclude aortitis, focal infection, or malignancy, a whole-body contrast-enhanced multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT) examination was performed and three-dimensional CT angiography (3-D CTA) was reconstructed.

Transaxial images and maximum intensity projection (MIP) of the MDCT showed multiple microaneurysms in the liver (Fig. 1a and b) and irregularity and ectasia of the celiac and renal arteries (Fig. 1c). Multiple microaneurysms in the liver and irregularity and ectasia of the renal arteries were seen with Carfilzomib 3-D CTA (Fig. 1d). Transaxial images of the MDCT showed that the patient’s uterus was large for her age (Fig. 2). In order to rule out endometrial cancer, pelvic MRI was performed.