To elucidate its analgesic mechanism, the levels of β-endorphin in blood

and brain tissues of mice were analyzed after EA treatment. As shown in Fig. 4B, the level of β-endorphin in blood samples of the tumor control group was {Selleck Anti-cancer Compound Library|Selleck Anticancer Compound Library|Selleck Anti-cancer Compound Library|Selleck Anticancer Compound Library|Selleckchem Anti-cancer Compound Library|Selleckchem Anticancer Compound Library|Selleckchem Anti-cancer Compound Library|Selleckchem Anticancer Compound Library|Anti-cancer Compound Library|Anticancer Compound Library|Anti-cancer Compound Library|Anticancer Compound Library|Anti-cancer Compound Library|Anticancer Compound Library|Anti-cancer Compound Library|Anticancer Compound Library|Anti-cancer Compound Library|Anticancer Compound Library|Anti-cancer Compound Library|Anticancer Compound Library|Anti-cancer Compound Library|Anticancer Compound Library|Anti-cancer Compound Library|Anticancer Compound Library|Anti-cancer Compound Library|Anticancer Compound Library|buy Anti-cancer Compound Library|Anti-cancer Compound Library ic50|Anti-cancer Compound Library price|Anti-cancer Compound Library cost|Anti-cancer Compound Library solubility dmso|Anti-cancer Compound Library purchase|Anti-cancer Compound Library manufacturer|Anti-cancer Compound Library research buy|Anti-cancer Compound Library order|Anti-cancer Compound Library mouse|Anti-cancer Compound Library chemical structure|Anti-cancer Compound Library mw|Anti-cancer Compound Library molecular weight|Anti-cancer Compound Library datasheet|Anti-cancer Compound Library supplier|Anti-cancer Compound Library in vitro|Anti-cancer Compound Library cell line|Anti-cancer Compound Library concentration|Anti-cancer Compound Library nmr|Anti-cancer Compound Library in vivo|Anti-cancer Compound Library clinical trial|Anti-cancer Compound Library cell assay|Anti-cancer Compound Library screening|Anti-cancer Compound Library high throughput|buy Anticancer Compound Library|Anticancer Compound Library ic50|Anticancer Compound Library price|Anticancer Compound Library cost|Anticancer Compound Library solubility dmso|Anticancer Compound Library purchase|Anticancer Compound Library manufacturer|Anticancer Compound Library research buy|Anticancer Compound Library order|Anticancer Compound Library chemical structure|Anticancer Compound Library datasheet|Anticancer Compound Library supplier|Anticancer Compound Library in vitro|Anticancer Compound Library cell line|Anticancer Compound Library concentration|Anticancer Compound Library clinical trial|Anticancer Compound Library cell assay|Anticancer Compound Library screening|Anticancer Compound Library high throughput|Anti-cancer Compound high throughput screening| significantly increased up to 2.8754 ± 0.0278 ng/mL compared to that of the normal group, 1.3236 ± 0.0041. On the contrary, EA treatment significantly increased the β-endorphin levels up to 4.355 ± 0.2972 ng/mL more than the tumor control group, 2.8754 ± 0.0278 ng/mL. Consistently, as shown in Fig. 4C, the level of β-endorphin in the brain tissues of mice within the tumor control group was significantly increased up to 4.0115 ± 0.3848 ng/mL compared to that of the normal group, 2.668 ± 1.069 ng/mL. In contrast, EA treatment significantly increased the level of β-endorphin up to 9.0847 ± 0.5901 ng/mL more Torin 2 datasheet than that of the tumor control group, 4.0115 ± 0.3848 ng/mL. Figure 4 A: Representative Etomoxir photographs of a coronal section showing SP expression in the spinal cord. Photographs (200 ×) illustrate SP immunoreactive neurons in the mouse superficial dorsal horn (SDH) of L3–5 levels. (a) Control, (b) Tumor

control, (c) EA treated group. Arrows indicate SP positive cells. B&C: EA treatment increased the level of β-endorphin in blood and brain compared to untreated tumor control. B: level of β-endorphin in blood C: level of β-endorphin in brain. Values of β-endorphin are expressed as means ± SE. Different superscripts(a, b, c) indicate p < 0.05 statistical significance between groups using ANOVA test-Turkey's procedure. Discussion Pain is an important symptom in Amylase cancer patients. The prevalence of pain depends on tumor type and varies from 5% in patients with leukemia to 52% in patients with lung cancer. The causes of pain are the tumor itself by bone invasion, compression of the spinal cord or neural structures and pressure on hollow organs [6]. Thus, in the current study, we set up a neuropathic cancer mouse model by inoculation of S-180 tumor cells

around the sciatic nerve of mice tumor mass. MRI scanning revealed the tumor size and position around sciatic nerve of mice. Ten days after inoculation, the tumor mass was shown to surround half the area around the sciatic nerve while 24 days after inoculation, the S-180 tumor cells embedded most of the gluteal area, inducing neuropathic pain by compression of the sciatic nerve [18]. A behavioural test using von Frey hairs showed that a tumor mass of S-180 cells significantly induced paw hind lifting from 3 days after inoculation and prolonged cumulative lifting duration as a spontaneous pain 5–9 days after inoculation, suggesting that the neuropathic cancer pain mouse model was successfully set up for cancer pain assessment.